Carn 80


Ny Myn-Chengaghyn Oarpagh


Some minority languages in Europe are making welcome progress. The role of teaching through the language is crucial.


Ta foddey ny smoo sleih toiggal nish dy vel niart chengaghyn goll er loayrt er yn teihll shoh wass. Ayns y Voodeeys Oarpagh, ta lieh-cheead milliun sleih loayrt myn-chengaghyn. As ec y traa t'ayn cha nel whillin sleih shirrey ny myn chengaghyn shen y chur fo-chosh. Ta aa vioghey niartal fo raad, agh foast ta myn chengaghyn dy liooar er raad y vaaish.
Bleeantyn er dy henney, hoig ny Bretnee cre cho scanshoil as t'eh dy chur chengey ennagh er e hoshiaght liorish ynsaghey trooid y chengey shen. Y laa t'ayn jiu, ta 70,000 ynseydagh geddyn yn edjaghys oc trooid Bretnish as ta 200,00 ny smoo jannoo studeyrys er Bretnish ec y scoill. Ghow ny Bretnee toshiaght er y raad shoh roish ymmodee sleih elley. Nish, ta'n lheid taghyrt sy Spainey, agh ta'n reiltys Frangagh foast goll er myr v'ad ayns ny shenn laghyn.
Derrey baase Franco ayns 1975, va Catalaanish, Calleeshish as Baskish neu leighoil ayns ny scoillyn sy Spainey. Agh neayrs y traa shen, ta caghlaa yindyssagh er jeet. Eer daa vlein yeig er dy henney, cha row ynseyderyn dy liooar as Catalaanish oc sy Chatalaan (Catalonia). Nish, ta 85 ynseyderyn ass keead - gymmydey Catalaanish sy vrastyl.
Sy Ghalleesh, ta Galleeshish ec 2.5 milliun sleih (cre'n myn-chengey!). Rish jeih bleeaney, cooish eginagh t'ayn ayns ooilley ny bunscoillyn. Ta paitchyn gynsaghey Galleeshish myr cooish er-lheh as t'ad gynsaghey trooid Galleeshish. Ayns ny scoillyn ardey, shegin da ynseydagh jannoo studeyrys er daa chooish ec y chooid sloo trooid yn chengey shen. Ta cooishyn sheansagh (scientific) ry gheddyn trooid Galleeshish neesht bwooise da'n obbyr va jeant er y gherrid. Ayns ny ollooscoillyn, ta un ynseyder ass troor gynsaghey trooid Galleeshish dy bollagh. Shegin Galleeshish flaaoil ve ec studeyryn ollooscoill.
Mastey ny Baskee, ta 23 ass keead jeu as Euskara (Baskish) oc. Ta shen dy ghra, ta 700,000 loayrtagh ayn. Va 45 milliun punt ceaut dy hraenal ynseyderyn Baskish.
Ta'n lieh ayrn jeh ny paitchyn aegey gynsaghey Baskish ayns bunscoillyn yn steat as ta'n chooid elley goll gys scoillyn preevaadjagh va currit er bun noi'n leigh ayns lhing Franco. Neayrs baase Franco, ta ny scoillyn preevaadjagh shoh er naase dy mooar as nish ta scoillyn ardey ayn. Ta ny smoo na daa cheead lioar-teks currit magh ayns Baskish gagh blein dy chooney lesh yn chengey ayns ny scoillyn.
Ayns y Rank, s'leayr foast nagh mie lesh reiltys Phaarys red erbee agh Frangish.
Ga dy yiall Mitterand 'dy vel y traa er jeet nish dy 'osley scoillyn son ny chengaghyn as cultooryn jeh'n Rank', ta sleih goll rish ny Britaanee as ny Occitaanee foast fuirraghtyn rish y teihll noa. As adsyn gobbraghey fo doilleeid mooar, ta ny Britaanee goaill toshiaght dy chur scoillyn ardey Britaanish er bun. Cha nel monney cooney ry gheddyn veih'n reiltys. Ta'n reiltys ayns foayr jeh lessoonyn ayns scoillyn ec traa jinnairagh ny tra ta ny barrooseyn-scoill er ngoll magh ass!
Bentyn rish Occitaanish, ta'n chengey shoh ec paart dy henn sleih. Shenn chengey ny troobadooryn t'ayn. Ta sleih er neeck dy chur er bun jeih scoillyn-oikan as queig bunscoillyn. Ta paitchyn gynsaghey yn chengey liorish goll er thummey aynjee veih'n eash jeh daa vlein.
Myn-chengey elley nagh vel shin clashtyn monney mychione, shen Freeshlannish. Ta Freeshlannish goll er loayrt ec 600,000 dy 'leih ayns y twoaie jeh ny cheeraghyn Injil as ayns ayrn beg jeh'n Ghermaan. She cooish eginagh t'ayn ayns 500 bunscoillyn.
Mennick dy liooar, ta chengaghyn 'mooarey' cheet dy ve myn-chengaghyn ayns cheeraghyn joarree. Myr sampleyr, ayns Schleswig-Holstein (steat Gerrnaanagh) ta edjaghys ry gheddyn trooid Danvargish ayns 50 scoillyn. As ayns y twoaie jeh'n Iddaal (Tyrol jiass) ta edjaghys Germaanish ry gheddyn.
Son shickyrys, by vie lesh ny Celtiee ve sy stayd cheddin as paart jeh ny 'myn chengaghyn' shoh ta goll er loayrt ec keeadyn dy housaneyn dy 'leih.


Orree Crennell



Ta Dooinney-Bane Loayrt Lesh Chengey Ghollagagh


The Navajo language was used by the U.S. Marines to create a code during the Second World War. The Japanese never broke it. When the war was over the Navajo "Code Talkers" were sworn to secrecy and only much later, when many of them had by now died, was their contribution to the victory acknowledged and they were decorated and their unique value recognised.

Va claare ayn er y radio tammylt beg er-dy-henney mychione chaglym mooar jeh Americaanee dooie jeh'n chlein Navajo. V'ad er jeet cooidjagh arrym y choyrt er possan jeu va far-enmyssit "Loayrtee ny Coad". Hooar ad yn far-ennym shoh 'syn Nah Chaggey Seihlltagh tra ren ad obbyr lane feeu da Sidooryn Marrinagh ny Steatyn Unnaneysit.
Tra vrish yn caggey magh as cheayll ny Navajoaghyn my-y-chione, hie palchey jeu dys San Diego cooney y hebbal noi'n noid. Mastey ny Navajo va cliaghtey feer henn oc dy haglym as streppey noi noid erbee va baggyrt rish nyn Dhalloo, myr oddagh oo fakin ayns whilleen scanaanyn ass Hollywood. Ga dy row ad beaghey er buill er-lheh, as cha row ad er ve caggey noi ny Americaanee rish sheeloghe ny jees, v'ad foast gennaghtyn er'n aght cheddin. V'ad gennaghtyn dy row sleih elley baggyrt rish ny clane Steatyn Unnaneysit as v'ad nish nyn Americaanee noa ad-hene as v'eh orroo dy choadey nyn Dhalloo-hene, as myrgeddin yn slane cheer. Haink paart jeu er mooin cabbyl gymmyrkey nyn shenn gunnyn glish aileagh.
Ec y toshiaght cha row fys ec ny sidooryn cre erbee dy yannoo lhieu derrey va eie ec fer jeu va er cheau paart dy hraa maroo er nyn voayl er-lheh jannoo studerys er nyn ghlare, cliaghtaghyn as oaylaght. Ec y traa v'ayn shen cha row ny Navajo greinnit dy yannoo ymmyd jeh nyn jengey as b'hreist lesh yn Lught Reill dy beagh ee marroo ayns traa gerrid. Aghterbee, reih ny sidooryn dy chur ad ooilley stiagh 'syn rheynn insheydys as croo ad coad jannoo ymmyd jeh'n ghlare Navajo myr bun jeh. Hug ad ennym Najavo er dagh lettyr jeh'n abbyrlhit yn aght nagh bee yn chied lettyr jeh'n fockle noa yn lettyr cheddin er'n ennym Baarlagh. Myr sampleyr ayns Gaelg oddagh oo goaill "sniengan" ayns ynnyd jeh'n lettyr "A". Va dooilleeid ayn er-yn-oyr nagh row fockleyn 'syn ghlare Navajo son reddyn gollrish tankyn as grenaidyn, myr shen hug ad ny enmyn shligganee as praasyn orroo.
Aghterbee, va ny Shapaanee chebbal slane car y chaggey dy vrishey yn coad shoh agh ga dy vrish ad ny coadyn elley va ny sidooryn cadjin jannoo ymmyd jeh, cha ren ad rieau toiggal yn coad v'ec ny Sidooryn Marrinagh. Cha nel mee shickyr agh ta mee smooinaghtyn dy ren ny Sostnee ymmyd jeh Bretnish er aght cosoylley rish ny cheayrtyn.
Ga dy dug ny Navajoaghyn shirveish erskyn towse da cooish ny chaggey, cha dooar ad boyn erbee er-yn-oyr dy row yn Lught Reill g'eearree freayll nyn yannoo oc follit. Ny smoo, cha row kied currit daue dy loayrt my-y-chione tra raink ad thie. Myr shen, tra vrie nyn baitchyn jeu, "C'red ren oo 'syn chaggey yishag?" v'ad er choyrt loo dyn y raa veg! Cha row eh derrey 1979 va kied currit daue dy insh yn slane skeeal as va boynyn currit dauesyn va foast er mayrn. Va'n Lught Reill fy-yerrey hoal er ghoaill roo as nyn yannoo oc sauail keeadyn dy vioee ny Americaanee baney, adsyn cheddin v'er yannoo dunverys er ny Americaanee dooie er dyn lhing Columbus. Red elley, er-yn-oyr dy row ad jeeaghyn red beg gollrish ny Shapaanee-hene, v'ad dy kinjagh ayns gaaue ve lhiggit ec nyn heu-hene. Va ny fockleyn SIDOOR MARRINAGH screeuit ayns lettyryn feer vooar er dreeym nyn eaddeeyn.
Va moyrn feer vooar ec yn Ashoon Navajo tra fow ad magh mychione yn chooish as myr shen va'n chaglym ta mee er n'imraa currit er bun dy chur arrym da Loayrtee ny Coad. Dagh vlein ta'n slane Ashoon cheet cooidjagh son dy-chooilley red bentyn da nyn cliaghtaghyn as er-lheh nyn ghlare. Cha nel lhiettrymys currit orroo ny laghyn t'ayn jiu dy ynsaghey nyn jengey as ta palchey jeh'n aegid ynsaghey ee as fys oc nish er'n aght va nyn Ashoon moyrnagh cur cooney lane feeu dy chosney yn barriaght.


Colin y Jerree