LESSON 11.

The following words complete the list of prepositional pronouns:—

Ass, out of, — assym, assyd (or assdhyt) ass, assjee, ass-shin (or ass-dooin), assdiu, ass-ad (or ass-doo, ass-daue).

Fo, under,— foym, foyd, fo, foee, foin, feue, foue.

Hug, gys or dys, towards,— hym, hood, huggey, hic (or huic), hooin, hiu, heu.

Mysh, about,— moom, mood, mysh, mooee (or m'ee) moom, miu, moo.

Rish, unto, by,— rhym, rhyt, rish, r'ee, rooin, riu, roo.

Harrish, over,— harrym, harryd, harrish, harree, harrin, harriu (or harrishdiu), harroo (or harrystoo, harrysdoo).

Liorish, by,— liorym, liort, liorish, lioree, liorin, lieriu, lioroo.

Marish, with, along with — marym, mayrt, marish, maree, marin, meriu, maroo.

Roish, before,— roym, royd, roish, roee, roin, reue, roue.

Shaghey, past — shaghym, shaghyd, shaghey, shagh'ee, shagh' ain shagh'eu, shagh'ad.

Veih, Voish, from,— voym, voyd (or void), voish, voee, voin, veue, voue. (Initial w may be substituted for v in each of these.)



In the older Gaelic, instead of saying "I am sleeping," "I am sitting," etc., it was usual to say- "I am in my sleeping,' etc. In later Gaelic, the preposition was often omitted and the sentence became "I am my sleeping," etc. So that in Manx Gaelic we have with, for instance, the verbal-noun cadley (sleeping) such forms as:—

ta mee my chadley I am sleeping.
t'ou dty chadley you are sleeping.
t'eh ny chadley he is sleeping.
t'ee ny cadley she is sleeping.
ta shin nyn gadley we are sleeping
ta shiu nyn gadley you are sleeping.
t'ad nyn gadley they are sleeping.

It will be seen that here ny stands for 'n e, or ayn e (in his, in her), and that nyn stands for ayn nyn (in our, your or their). Such verbs as these are conjugated as above in all the tenses and forms of "to be" (ta, vel, va, etc.).

In such sentences as "he is a king.' "I am a man," it is usual to say ;

"He is in his king," meaning "he is in his (state of) king,"
"I am in my man" "I am in my (state of) man,"

so that we have

"T'eh ny ree," He is a king.

"Ta mee my ghooinney," I am a man.

"T'eh ny ghooinney ynrick," He is a faithful man.

"V'ee ny ben vie." She was a good woman.

"Va Victoria ny ben-rein," Victoria was a queen.

Instead of saying "ta mee my chadley," we are also allowed to substitute the less idiomatic form, "ta mee cadley" and so with other similar verbs. We can also say "ta shin ny chadley" instead of "ta shin nyn gadley," and so with other such verbs in the plural.


Some examples of this form:—

shassoo (standing); ta mee my hassoo.

soie (sitting) ta mee my hoie.

lhie (lying); ta mee my lhie.

doostey (waking); ta mee er my ghoostey (I have awakened).

tost (silent): bee dty host (be silent; be in your silence).





1. Cur Baarle orroo shoh..

  1. Row uss dty chadley? Va mee my chadley. Cha row mee my chadley.
  2. Va shin nyn shassoo. Cha row shin nyn shassoo.
  3. Ta mee my hassoo, t'ou uss dty hoie.
  4. Vel oo er dty ghoostey? Ta mee er my chosh (I am on foot, or up).
  5. Va mee my ghoostey. Cha row mee er my chosh.
  6. Vel eh ny hassoo? T'eh ny hoie.
  7. Ta my voir ny lhie, t'ee feer çhing.
  8. Ta shin nyn shassoo, ta shin goll magh.
  9. Ta cadley orrym (I am sleepy).
  10. Trooid marym. Va mee mayrts jea.
2.— Cur Gaelg orroo shoh.

  1. Are you sleepy? I am awake. I am up.
  2. Are you sitting? I am standing.
  3. Were you awake? I was asleep.
  4. Is the horse lying down? He is standing.
  5. He is asleep. We are awake.
  6. I am on foot all the day. Are you sleepy? No.
  7. Will you be awake, then? Yes.
  8. I will not go with you to-day, I am ill, and tired, and sleepy.
  9. I shall go with you to-morrow.



A Phrase a Day.

  1. B'laik lhiat cappan dy chaffee elley? (Would you like another cup of coffee?)

  2. B'laik lhiam, as palchey dy chey ayn. (Yes, and plenty of cream in it.)

  3. C'wooad dy hugyr verym stiagh? (How much sugar will I put in?)

  4. Daa spein-tey lane, my sailt. (Two teaspoonsful, please.)

  5. Va rieau feeackle villish ayd, Yuan! (You had ever a sweet tooth, John!)

  6. Sonnys ort, Voirrey, ny jarrood dty phoagey-laue! (The best of luck Mary, don't forget your handbag!)