LESSON 10.
GRAMMAR (for study).
Further idiomatic phrases are as follows
Er skyn (above), er-my-skyn (above me), er-dty-skyn, er-nyn-skyn, etc.
My-chione (about, concerning), My-my-chione (about me), my-dty-chione, etc.
Mygeayrt (around), mygeayrt y moom (around me), mygeayrt y mood, etc.
Er son (for, on account of), er my hon (on my account), er e hon, etc.
Lomarcan (alone), My lomarcan, dty lomarcan, ny lomarcan, etc.
M'oi (against me), dt'oi, n'oi, etc.
My yei (after me), dty yei, ny yei (after him), ny jei (after us, you, them).
'Ny yei' is also used for 'notwithstanding, nevertheless.'
Lurg (after, alternative word). My lurg, dty lurg, ny lurg.
Fegooish (without), M'egooish (without me), dt'egooish, n'egooish.
Fenish (in the presence of, before). Ayns dty enish (in your presence).
Kiongoyrt rhyms (before me).
The preposition gyn or dyn (without) does not take the article. When gyn combines so closely with the following noun as to form a compound, mutation may occur:
gyn-vree (vigourless); but gyn bree (without vigour), dyn-yss (unawares), but gyn fys (without knowledge).
When in English, the negative 'not' is placed before the infinitive, the preposition gyn is placed before the verbal noun:
Share dooin gyn ve er yn aarkey nish (It is better for us not to be on the sea now).
The word dyn is sometimes the equivalent of dy nyn.
"Ta mish dyn goyrt shiu magh myr eayn mastey moddee-oaldey." (I send you forth as lambs among wolves).
Dy (of) always causes mutation in a noun immediately following it, but any preposition followed by the article causes, as a rule, mutation in a noun singular, coming after the article, even though that noun be masculine:
Veih'n voghrey gys y vun-laa (from morning until noon).
The negative prefixes an, neu and mee, cause mutations like those made after "my":
Casherick (holy) Anchasherick (unholy),
Glen (clean) neughlen (unclean).
Credjal (believing) meechredjal (unbelieving, misbelieving).
The prefix mee is a negative expressing disapproval.
The prefix aa (second) causes mutation: aa-hroggal (re-erecting).
TRANSLATION EXERCISE.
Translate the following paragraph into Manx:-
Castletown was prospering outside the protecting walls of Castle Rushen when what are now towns on the Island were mere fishing villages. Castletown stands on a level tract of land by the sea, and stretching towards the slopes of South Barrule, which shelters it from the northerly winds. Being open to the sea on the south-west, Castletown is affected by the prevailing winds which blow three-fourths of the year across the Atlantic in this direction. Needless to say all these influences combine to form a most healthy and invigorating climate, and the inhabitants lead a very different life from that of dwellers in crowded inland cities, or toilers in deep mines. The peasant class in Castletown a hundred years ago lived in picturesque little thatched cabins But, except as a sleeping place and a shelter from inclement weather, they troubled the insides of their cottages very little, spending their time in the healthy open air."
(From Castletown a hundred years ago," by "Flaxney.")
READING PRACTICE.
CHEER NYN AEG.
Cabdil 5. Foddeeaght Oshin.
Hoilshee e chooinaght da ny reddyn shoh, as v'ad joarree as taitnyssagh. Cha bione da nagh row ad agh cooinaghtyn. V'ad bentyn da bioys cha anchasley rish bioys ayns Cheer nyn Aeg, dy vaik eh ad gyn oayll ve echey dy row eh keayrt er helg marish ny shelgeyryn shid as er chaggey liorish ny caggeyderyn shid. Ghear eh er cooid oc myr er shillaghyn quaagh. Va'n bioys ec Cheer nyn Aeg ooilley aalin, v'eh bentyn da sorch dy vel deiney rieau er n'obbal dy lhisagh y lheid y ve ayn, er yn oyr dy row eh tappee as bioyral as lane caghlaa foast cha dug eh lesh rieau baase ny fioghys, skeeys ny arrys. Cha nee shoh aashagh dy smooinaghtyn liorish deiney yn thallooin. T'ad gra dy beagh slane maynrys dullyr dy beagh eh ayn. Dy voddagh ad sheiltyn eh, cha beagh ad cha graihagh er tra by lhieu eh myr va Oshin: obbagh ymmodee eh er yn oyr dy vel eh dolley magh yn yeearree as y chooinaght ennaghtagh jeh thalloo. S'cooin lesh fir Cheer nyn Aeg y thalloo gyn oayll ve oc t'eh dy gooin lhieu, eer as ayns ashlishyn foddeemayd cooinaghtyn er nheeghyn nagh bione dooin dy row ad rieau er daghyrt orrin.
(Tannaghtyn).